Differences between soft magnetic materials and hard magnetic materials
1. Soft magnetic material: high permeability, easy magnetization and demagnetization (large initial susceptibility). The saturation magnetic induction is strong, the coercivity (Hc) is small, the area of hysteresis loop is narrow and long, and the loss is small (HdB area is small). It includes magnetic pure iron, silicon steel permalloy (Fe, Ni) ferrite, etc. It is suitable for relay, motor, magnetic core and magnetic rod of various high-frequency electromagnetic components.
2. Hard magnetic materials: large coercive force (Hc) (>102A/m), large remanence Br, large area of hysteresis loop, and large loss. Such as tungsten steel, carbon steel, aluminum nickel cobalt alloy, etc. Usage: The hysteresis loop is wide and can maintain strong magnetism for a long time after magnetization. It is suitable for making permanent magnets in magnetoelectric meters, earphones and permanent magnetic loudspeakers.
Classification of soft magnetic materials
1. Pure iron and low carbon steel;
2. Iron silicon alloy;
3. Iron aluminum alloy;
4. Fe Si Al alloy;
5. Nickel iron alloy;
6. Iron cobalt alloy;
7. Soft ferrite;
8. Amorphous soft magnetic alloy;
9. Super microcrystalline soft magnetic alloy.
